法国行业趋势报告: 金属和钢铁2022

市场监测

  • 法国
  • 金属,
  • 钢铁

2022年09月05日

企业倒闭率预计仅有小幅上升

法国金属和钢铁 – 信用风险评估

经历了 2021 年下半年和 2022 年第一季度的动态表现后,金属和钢铁需求已然放缓。汽车行业遭遇需求下滑和生产问题,建筑活动因原材料价格高企和项目延误而减慢进度。尽管如此,飞机制造需求仍然强劲,主要有利于铝生产商和批发商。

 

法国金属和钢铁产量

 

2021 年和 2022 年初,由于供应量有限,买家被迫接受价格上涨,金属和钢铁企业能够转嫁上升的商品和能源成本。利润率因此上升,尤其是金属和钢铁贸易商。俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后,石油和天然气价格急剧上涨,法国政府已采取措施(上限和补贴),帮助企业和消费者抑制能源价格。然而,即便得到此支持,需求下滑问题仍可能引发金属和钢铁企业的利润率在未来 12 个月出现恶化。售价在 3 月达到峰值后大幅下跌,导致需要管理库存的贸易商面临营运资金需求问题。

法国金属和钢铁行业的平均付款期限为 60 天,但由于疫情相关的国家支持,2021 年和 2022 年上半年的延迟付款和资不抵债数量非常少。我们预计,未来数月的企业倒闭数量将增加约 4% 至6%,回归到疫情前的“正常水平”。相比规模较大的同行,利润率不断下跌的小型金属制造商更难转嫁上涨的价格,因此受到的影响可能最大。在需求下滑以及疫情相关的政府支持贷款到期时,面临营运资金融资问题的企业也更容易存在违约风险。

虽然未来挑战重重,但我们对钢铁和金属行业总体保持中性的承销立场,因为该行业具有历史弹性,政府支持仍然存在,我们预计付款违约和企业倒闭现象不会大幅增长。我们对钢铁和有色金属细分市场保持开放立场,后者受益于飞机行业的反弹。铸件子行业一般存在利润率低、竞争激烈等弱点,因此我们对该子行业保持限制立场。

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